From 0dff44354a2fab7fa804bf186c371e4a149f6723 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Hilton Chain Date: Fri, 25 Nov 2022 19:52:50 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] Add contents extracted from Kicksecure's resources. * rosenthal/utils/kicksecure.scm: New file. (%kicksecure-kernel-arguments,%kicksecure-sysctl-rules): New variables. See also: --- rosenthal/utils/kicksecure.scm | 414 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 414 insertions(+) create mode 100644 rosenthal/utils/kicksecure.scm diff --git a/rosenthal/utils/kicksecure.scm b/rosenthal/utils/kicksecure.scm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..604a995 --- /dev/null +++ b/rosenthal/utils/kicksecure.scm @@ -0,0 +1,414 @@ +;; Contents extracted from Kicksecure's resources. + +(define-module (rosenthal utils kicksecure) + #:export (%kicksecure-kernel-arguments + %kicksecure-sysctl-rules)) + +;; Source: +;; Extracted with the following command: +;; cat etc/default/grub.d/* | sed -e 's/#\+/;;/g' -e 's/GRUB.*DEFAULT /\"/g' -e 's/GRUB.*LINUX /\"/g' -e '/GRUB/d' -e 's/\(\".*[a-z0-9]\)\ \([a-z].*\"\)/\1\"\n\"\2/g' -e '/dpkg/d' +(define %kicksecure-kernel-arguments + '(;; Copyright (C) 2022 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP + ;; See the file COPYING for copying conditions. + + ;; Wiping RAM at shutdown to defeat cold boot attacks. + ;; + ;; RAM wipe is enabled by default on host operating systems, real hardware. + ;; RAM wipe is disabled by in virtual machines (VMs). + ;; + ;; Most users should not make any modifications to this config file because + ;; there is no need for that. + ;; + ;; User documentation: + ;; https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Cold_Boot_Attack_Defense + ;; + ;; Design documentation: + ;; https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Dev/RAM_Wipe + + ;; RAM wipe is omitted in virtual machines (VMs) by default because it is + ;; unclear if that could actually lead to the host operating system using + ;; swap. Through use of kernel parameter wiperam=force it is possible to + ;; force RAM wipe inside VMs which is useful for testing, development purposes. + ;; There is no additional security benefit by the wiperam=force setting + ;; for host operating systems. + ;;"wiperam=force" + + ;; Kernel parameter wiperam=skip is provided to support disabling RAM wipe + ;; at shutdown, which might be useful to speed up shutdown or in case should + ;; there ever be issues. + ;;"wiperam=skip" + ;; Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP + ;; See the file COPYING for copying conditions. + + ;; Enables all known mitigations for CPU vulnerabilities. + ;; + ;; https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/index.html + ;; https://forums.whonix.org/t/should-all-kernel-patches-for-cpu-bugs-be-unconditionally-enabled-vs-performance-vs-applicability/7647 + + ;; Enable mitigations for Spectre variant 2 (indirect branch speculation). + ;; + ;; https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/spectre.html + "spectre_v2=on" + + ;; Disable Speculative Store Bypass. + "spec_store_bypass_disable=on" + + ;; Enable mitigations for the L1TF vulnerability through disabling SMT + ;; and L1D flush runtime control. + ;; + ;; https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/l1tf.html + "l1tf=full,force" + + ;; Enable mitigations for the MDS vulnerability through clearing buffer cache + ;; and disabling SMT. + ;; + ;; https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/mds.html + "mds=full,nosmt" + + ;; Patches the TAA vulnerability by disabling TSX and enables mitigations using + ;; TSX Async Abort along with disabling SMT. + ;; + ;; https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/tsx_async_abort.html + "tsx=off" + "tsx_async_abort=full,nosmt" + + ;; Mark all huge pages in the EPT as non-executable to mitigate iTLB multihit. + ;; + ;; https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/multihit.html + "kvm.nx_huge_pages=force" + + ;; Enables mitigations for SRBDS to prevent MDS attacks on RDRAND and RDSEED instructions. + ;; Only mitigated through microcode updates from Intel. + ;; + ;; https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/special-register-buffer-data-sampling.html + ;; https://access.redhat.com/solutions/5142691 + + ;; Force disable SMT as it has caused numerous CPU vulnerabilities. + ;; The only full mitigation of cross-HT attacks is to disable SMT. + ;; + ;; https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/core-scheduling.html + ;; https://forums.whonix.org/t/should-all-kernel-patches-for-cpu-bugs-be-unconditionally-enabled-vs-performance-vs-applicability/7647/17 + "nosmt=force" + + ;; Enables the prctl interface to prevent leaks from L1D on context switches. + ;; + ;; https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/l1d_flush.html + "l1d_flush=on" + + ;; Mitigates numerous MMIO Stale Data vulnerabilities and disables SMT. + ;; + ;; https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/processor_mmio_stale_data.html + "mmio_stale_data=full,nosmt" + ;; Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP + ;; See the file COPYING for copying conditions. + + ;; Distrusts the bootloader for initial entropy at boot. + ;; + ;; https://lkml.org/lkml/2022/6/5/271 + "random.trust_bootloader=off" + ;; Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP + ;; See the file COPYING for copying conditions. + + ;; Distrusts the CPU for initial entropy at boot as it is not possible to + ;; audit, may contain weaknesses or a backdoor. + ;; + ;; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDRAND;;Reception + ;; https://twitter.com/pid_eins/status/1149649806056280069 + ;; https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/interactive/2013/09/05/us/documents-reveal-nsa-campaign-against-encryption.html + ;; https://forums.whonix.org/t/entropy-config-random-trust-cpu-yes-or-no-rng-core-default-quality/8566 + ;; https://lkml.org/lkml/2022/6/5/271 + "random.trust_cpu=off" + ;; Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP + ;; See the file COPYING for copying conditions. + + ;; Enables IOMMU to prevent DMA attacks. + "intel_iommu=on" + "amd_iommu=on" + + ;; Disable the busmaster bit on all PCI bridges during very + ;; early boot to avoid holes in IOMMU. + ;; + ;; https://mjg59.dreamwidth.org/54433.html + ;; https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=4444f8541dad16fefd9b8807ad1451e806ef1d94 + "efi=disable_early_pci_dma" + + ;; Enables strict enforcement of IOMMU TLB invalidation so devices will never be able to access stale data contents + ;; https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/drivers/iommu/Kconfig;;L97 + ;; Page 11 of https://lenovopress.lenovo.com/lp1467.pdf + "iommu.passthrough=0" + "iommu.strict=1" + ;; Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP + ;; See the file COPYING for copying conditions. + + ;;echo ";; kver: $kver" + + ;; Disables the merging of slabs of similar sizes. + ;; Sometimes a slab can be used in a vulnerable way which an attacker can exploit. + "slab_nomerge" + + ;; Enables sanity checks (F) and redzoning (Z). + ;; Disabled due to kernel deciding to implicitly disable kernel pointer hashing + ;; https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/792702911f581f7793962fbeb99d5c3a1b28f4c3 + ;;"slub_debug=FZ" + + ;; Zero memory at allocation and free time. + "init_on_alloc=1" + "init_on_free=1" + + ;; Machine check exception handler decides whether the system should panic or not based on the exception that happened. + ;; https://forums.whonix.org/t/kernel-hardening/7296/494 + ;;"mce=0" + + ;; Enables Kernel Page Table Isolation which mitigates Meltdown and improves KASLR. + "pti=on" + + ;; Vsyscalls are obsolete, are at fixed addresses and are a target for ROP. + "vsyscall=none" + + ;; Enables page allocator freelist randomization. + "page_alloc.shuffle=1" + + ;; Enables randomisation of the kernel stack offset on syscall entries (introduced in kernel 5.13). + ;; https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/3/18/246 + "randomize_kstack_offset=on" + + ;; Enables kernel lockdown. + ;; + ;; Disabled for now as it enforces module signature verification which breaks + ;; too many things. + ;; https://forums.whonix.org/t/enforce-kernel-module-software-signature-verification-module-signing-disallow-kernel-module-loading-by-default/7880 + ;; + ;; "lockdown=confidentiality" + ;;fi + + ;; Gather more entropy during boot. + ;; + ;; Requires linux-hardened kernel patch. + ;; https://github.com/anthraxx/linux-hardened + "extra_latent_entropy" + + ;; Restrict access to debugfs since it can contain a lot of sensitive information. + ;; https://lkml.org/lkml/2020/7/16/122 + ;; https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/fb1201aececc59990b75ef59fca93ae4aa1e1444/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt;;L835-L848 + "debugfs=off" + + ;; Force the kernel to panic on "oopses" (which may be due to false positives) + ;; https://forums.whonix.org/t/set-oops-panic-kernel-parameter-or-kernel-panic-on-oops-1-sysctl-for-better-security/7713 + ;; Implemented differently: + ;; /usr/libexec/security-misc/panic-on-oops + ;; /etc/X11/Xsession.d/50panic_on_oops + ;; /etc/sudoers.d/security-misc + ;;"oops=panic" + ;; Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP + ;; See the file COPYING for copying conditions. + + ;; Prevent kernel info leaks in console during boot. + ;; https://phabricator.whonix.org/T950 + + ;; LANG=C str_replace is provided by package helper-scripts. + + ;; The following command actually removed "quiet" from the kernel command line. + ;; If verbosity is desired, the user might want to keep this line. + ;; Remove "quiet" from "because "quiet" must be first. + + ;; If verbosity is desired, the user might want to out-comment the following line. + "quiet" + "loglevel=0" + + ;; NOTE: + ;; After editing this file, running: + ;; sudo update-grub + ;; is required. + ;; + ;; If higher verbosity is desired, the user might also want to delete file + ;; /etc/sysctl.d/30_silent-kernel-printk.conf + ;; (or out-comment its settings). + ;; + ;; Alternatively, the user could consider to install the debug-misc package, + ;; which will undo the settings found here. + )) + + + +;; Source > +;; Extracted with the following command: +;; cat etc/sysctl.d/* | sed -e 's/#\+/;;/g' -e 's/ = /=/g' -e 's/;;\(.*\..*\)=\(.*\)/;; ("\1" . "\2")/g' -e 's/\(.*\..*\)=\(.*\)/("\1" . "\2")/g' -e 's@/bin\|/usr/bin@/run/current-system/profile/bin@g' +(define %kicksecure-sysctl-rules + '(;; Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP + ;; See the file COPYING for copying conditions. + + ;; Disables coredumps. This setting may be overwritten by systemd so this may not be useful. + ;; security-misc also disables coredumps in other ways. + ("kernel.core_pattern" . "|/run/current-system/profile/bin/false") + + ;; Restricts the kernel log to root only. + ("kernel.dmesg_restrict" . "1") + + ;; Don't allow writes to files that we don't own + ;; in world writable sticky directories, unless + ;; they are owned by the owner of the directory. + ("fs.protected_fifos" . "2") + ("fs.protected_regular" . "2") + + ;; Only allow symlinks to be followed when outside of + ;; a world-writable sticky directory, or when the owner + ;; of the symlink and follower match, or when the directory + ;; owner matches the symlink's owner. + ;; + ;; Prevent hardlinks from being created by users that do not + ;; have read/write access to the source file. + ;; + ;; These prevent many TOCTOU races. + ("fs.protected_symlinks" . "1") + ("fs.protected_hardlinks" . "1") + + ;; Hardens the BPF JIT compiler and restricts it to root. + ("kernel.unprivileged_bpf_disabled" . "1") + ("net.core.bpf_jit_harden" . "2") + + ;; Quote https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/sysctl/kernel.html + ;; + ;; kexec_load_disabled: + ;; + ;; A toggle indicating if the kexec_load syscall has been disabled. This value defaults to 0 (false: kexec_load enabled), but can be set to 1 (true: kexec_load disabled). Once true, kexec can no longer be used, and the toggle cannot be set back to false. This allows a kexec image to be loaded before disabling the syscall, allowing a system to set up (and later use) an image without it being altered. Generally used together with the "modules_disabled" sysctl. + + ;; Disables kexec which can be used to replace the running kernel. + ("kernel.kexec_load_disabled" . "1") + + ;; Hides kernel addresses in various files in /proc. + ;; Kernel addresses can be very useful in certain exploits. + ;; + ;; https://kernsec.org/wiki/index.php/Bug_Classes/Kernel_pointer_leak + ("kernel.kptr_restrict" . "2") + + ;; Improves ASLR effectiveness for mmap. + ("vm.mmap_rnd_bits" . "32") + ("vm.mmap_rnd_compat_bits" . "16") + + ;; Restricts the use of ptrace to root. This might break some programs running under WINE. + ;; A workaround for WINE would be to give the wineserver and wine-preloader ptrace capabilities. This can be done by running: + ;; + ;; sudo apt-get install libcap2-bin + ;; sudo setcap cap_sys_ptrace=eip /run/current-system/profile/bin/wineserver + ;; sudo setcap cap_sys_ptrace=eip /run/current-system/profile/bin/wine-preloader + ("kernel.yama.ptrace_scope" . "2") + + ;; Prevent setuid processes from creating coredumps. + ("fs.suid_dumpable" . "0") + + ;; Randomize the addresses for mmap base, heap, stack, and VDSO pages + ("kernel.randomize_va_space" . "2") + + ;; meta start + ;; project Kicksecure + ;; category networking and security + ;; description + ;; TCP/IP stack hardening + + ;; Protects against time-wait assassination. + ;; It drops RST packets for sockets in the time-wait state. + ("net.ipv4.tcp_rfc1337" . "1") + + ;; Disables ICMP redirect acceptance. + ("net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects" . "0") + ("net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects" . "0") + ("net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects" . "0") + ("net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects" . "0") + ("net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects" . "0") + ("net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects" . "0") + + ;; Disables ICMP redirect sending. + ("net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects" . "0") + ("net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects" . "0") + + ;; Ignores ICMP requests. + ("net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all" . "1") + ("net.ipv6.icmp.echo_ignore_all" . "1") + + ;; Ignores bogus ICMP error responses + ("net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" . "1") + + ;; Enables TCP syncookies. + ("net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies" . "1") + + ;; Disable source routing. + ("net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route" . "0") + ("net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route" . "0") + ("net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route" . "0") + ("net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route" . "0") + + ;; Enable reverse path filtering to prevent IP spoofing and + ;; mitigate vulnerabilities such as CVE-2019-14899. + ;; https://forums.whonix.org/t/enable-reverse-path-filtering/8594 + ("net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter" . "1") + ("net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter" . "1") + + ;; meta end + + + ;; Disables SACK as it is commonly exploited and likely not needed. + ;; https://forums.whonix.org/t/disabling-tcp-sack-dsack-fack/8109 + ;; ("net.ipv4.tcp_sack" . "0") + ;; ("net.ipv4.tcp_dsack" . "0") + ;; ("net.ipv4.tcp_fack" . "0") + + + ;; meta start + ;; project Kicksecure + ;; category networking and security + ;; description + ;; disable IPv4 TCP Timestamps + + ("net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps" . "0") + + ;; meta end + + + ;; Only allow the SysRq key to be used for shutdowns and the + ;; Secure Attention Key (SAK). + ;; + ;; https://forums.whonix.org/t/sysrq-magic-sysrq-key/8079/ + ("kernel.sysrq" . "132") + + ;; Restrict loading TTY line disciplines to CAP_SYS_MODULE to prevent + ;; unprivileged attackers from loading vulnerable line disciplines + ;; with the TIOCSETD ioctl which has been used in exploits before + ;; such as https://a13xp0p0v.github.io/2017/03/24/CVE-2017-2636.html + ;; + ;; https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/4/15/890 + ("dev.tty.ldisc_autoload" . "0") + + ;; Restrict the userfaultfd() syscall to root as it can make heap sprays + ;; easier. + ;; + ;; https://duasynt.com/blog/linux-kernel-heap-spray + ("vm.unprivileged_userfaultfd" . "0") + + ;; Let the kernel only swap if it is absolutely necessary. + ;; Better not be set to zero: + ;; - https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Performance_Tuning_Guide/s-memory-tunables.html + ;; - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swappiness + ("vm.swappiness" . "1") + + ;; Disallow kernel profiling by users without CAP_SYS_ADMIN + ;; https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt + ("kernel.perf_event_paranoid" . "3") + + ;; Do not accept router advertisments + ("net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra" . "0") + ("net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra" . "0") + ;; Copyright (C) 2019 - 2022 ENCRYPTED SUPPORT LP + ;; See the file COPYING for copying conditions. + + ;; Prevent kernel info leaks in console during boot. + ;; https://phabricator.whonix.org/T950 + ("kernel.printk" . "3 3 3 3") + + ;; NOTE: + ;; For higher verbosity, the user might also want to delete file + ;; /etc/default/grub.d/41_quiet.cfg + ;; (or out-comment its settings). + ;; + ;; Alternatively, the user could consider to install the debug-misc package, + ;; which will undo the settings found here. + ))